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| dogs of war of genghis khan |
THE GREAT EXPEDITION OF SUBUTAI AND JEBE
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| mongol general carrying the war banner |
While Genghis Khan and his eastern army was ravaging the
eastern Kwarizm
Empire, his loyal general Subutai and Jebe
were task to pursue the fleeing shah Mohammad II to the western side of Kwarizm Empire. This
expedition strayed from its goal and achieved much more than expected opening more land to Mongol
conquest in the western Europe. Subutai and Jebe expedition would later be considered taken one of
the most daring military campaign in the history of the world.
Mongol general with their 20 thousand troops pursued the fleeing shah up
to Caspien Sea where he died on an island. Leaving the dying shah to its fate, the Mongol General then turned
towards Azerbijan
and Iran, ravaging and looting while preventing the western Kwarizm empire from helping the Eastern Kwarizm Prince. Here the Mongol general
Subutai and Jebe conceived the idea of
most audacious military reconneisense in history.
In 1221, the army
first entered the kingdom of
Georgia, where they pillage the country side for supplies. King George IV of Georgia fought the Mongols in the battle of Salami
where Subutai’s feigned retreat did the trick and heavily crusader knight and
Templar fell and got massacred. Then
Mongols again returned to Iran and Azerbijan to crush the rebels in the cities.
On the Georgian side, king George was amasing
another army to fight against the Mongols but the Mongols crushed them
again offgaurd before they could be fully prepared.
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| mongols against knight, templar of poland and georgia |
After Crushing the
Georgians, the Mongols cross the Caucasus mountain and when they emerged out in
the valley, they were met by army formed by the coalition of Alans, Kipchak, Volga bolgars,
Lezzins and Circassins
tribes of 50 thousand tribesmen. When
the Mongols were finally surrounded ,
then Subutai again trick the
enemy by
giving bribe to the Kipchak tribe and telling them to stay out as they were
also fellow nomads. Following the night,
the Kipchak left the camp for their home.
Then The Mongols took the opportunity
and crushed the remaining troops, however Subutai didn’t stop there, they cashed the moving Kipchak tribe as they were slowed by the
baggage train of treasure of bribes given by the Mongols. They attacked the
kipchaks and took back the treasure from them.
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| caucasaus mountain range |
meanwhile the surviving kipchak fled
to the Rus
principalities of Modern Russia and Ukraine which was controlled by many Rus Princes. Scaling the danger posed by the
Mongols and seeing the fleeing Kipchak
to their territory, the Rus many Princes formed an alliance including the
Kipchak cavalry in their army amounting to total of around 80 thousand troops.
The Mongols also united as one army to face the Rus alliance. Initially the
Mongols send ambassadors to the Rus princes to stay out from the conflict as they
had nothing to do with the Mongols- Kipchak conficts but the Rus alliance
killed the mongol envoy and started the war. The Rus army chased the Mongols
and caught them on the rear of Danube river
where for the safe passage, Subutai
sacrificed 1000 soldiers while main army crossed the river.
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| battle of kalka river |
The Rus army chased
the Mongols main army and the Mongols again applied the feign retreat tactic
leaving the loot and prisoners on the way giving Russian the sense that they
were winning. While the Mongols were retreating, the chasing Rus army alliance
of various princes march got separated by miles apart and the kipchak on the front most, catched the
Mongols in the rear. The Mongols turned back and charged swiftly, defeating the
kipchaks and the cavalry momentum of Mongols continued on to Rus army slashing
them in the battle of kalka river until only the army of one Rus prince
mstislav to whom the other princes
didn’t listen on battle tactic and only whose
army maintained the proper formation survived. The remaining Rus army
fortified themselves by baggage train
but they were surrounded and were bombarded by the whisting and fire
burning arrows into their camps. The Rus sued for peace and the Mongols
accepted the termed but as soon the Rus left their safety, the mongol attacked again
killing many. The Mongols again surrounded the camp but left small opening towards the swamp for the Rus army so that remaining Rus army
doesn’t fight to its death as it would cause heavy casualties on the Mongols
too. The Rus army took the small opening and many tried to flee to which the
Mongols cavalry archer leiserly took the pleasure in picking them one by one.
The whole battle field was covered with the Rus bodies. Only one in the ten
soldiers survived.
Then the Mongols spent
the spring there feasting and pillaging the Russia. The mongol general captured
the Rus nobility and princes, place them beneath the builded wooden plank upon
which mongol general feasted and trample the Rus nobility to their death as it
is the custom of Mongols to not sheath blood of the nobility on the ground.
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| mongols feasting on wooden plank trampling the Rus nobilty |
After spending the
spring the Mongols left for the Mongolia (over the caspien sea) . on
the way back, they further defeated the kipchaps and Volga bolgars.
While the Mongols didn’t captured new lands in these
expedition but they brought back the knowledge of Kingdoms of Europe and their
armies which open the door for future Mongols conquest under Genghis Khan’s
third son Ogadei Khan of Mongol Empire.
read full battles of subutai@ #Subutai the greatest general of mongol empire. |
| empire build by genghis khan and his descendent |
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